Method of providing service which makes power distribution operation effective, and system

ABSTRACT

A method and system for calculating profits shared between a power distribution company and a service provider, wherein the power distribution company purchases and resells electric power. The service provider provides consultation service to the power distribution company for planning an optimum power distribution system for increasing power distribution efficiency. The power distribution company shares profits with the service provider based on the measured value of the efficiency of the power distribution operation.

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION

The present invention relates to the service for increasing theefficiency in the power distribution business and its system by means ofminimizing the electric power loss in the power distribution system orby implementing the plant and equipment investment effectively for thepower distribution system.

Conventionally, the efficiency increase in the power distributionoperation or the economical operation of the power distributionoperation have depended heavily on the subjective judgment of theoperator. In general, as the power distribution companies give priorityto the reliability of the power distribution system or the reliabilityof the electric power supply rather than its economical operation, it isfact that the performance and effect in the economical operation has notverified explicitly.

It is general that the efficiency increase in the power distributionoperation is provided as a part of the power distribution efficiencyincreasing system, in which a relatively large scale investment on theplant and equipment including the introduction of the remote-operatedcircuit breakers and switches and sensors is assumed.

In connection with the power liberalization movement, the importance ofstrengthening of the baseline of the management operation increases forthe power distribution companies. It is commonly recognized that theoptimization of the plant and equipment investment and the costreduction of the electric power supply are specifically prime tasksamong other things.

And furthermore, as described above, the efficiency increase in thepower distribution operation conventionally depended heavily on thesubjective judgment of the operator and the performance and effect inthe economical operation has not verified explicitly, which makes aninsecure business model.

In addition, a relatively large scale investment on the plant andequipment is inevitable for increasing the efficiency in the powerdistribution operation.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

An object of the present invention is to provide a power distributionefficiency increasing service and a power distribution efficiencyincreasing system which enables to increase the operation of the powerdistribution without plant and equipment investment and to verifyexplicitly its effect (ROI: Return On Investment) contributing tostrengthening the baseline of the management operation of the powerdistribution company.

In order to attain the above object, the power distribution efficiencyincreasing service of the present invention comprises a means forplanning the optimum power distribution system to be established withinitial investment by the service provider, a means for providing aconsultation for increasing the efficiency in the power distribution, ameans for introducing the system for measuring the revenue moneyobtained by the power distribution efficiency increasing service and ameans for measuring the usage rate of the optimized power distributionsystem.

In addition, in order to attain the above object, the power distributionefficiency increasing system of the present invention comprises ameasuring device of the purchased power of the power distributioncompany, a means for transmitting the measured data of the purchasedpower and the operation information of the power distribution system tothe service provider, a means for receiving the measured data, acomputer for calculating the optimum power distribution system pattern,a computer for calculating the usage rate of the optimized powerdistribution system and a computer for calculating the revenue moneyobtained by the optimization.

The other characteristics of the present invention are as described inthe scope of claim for patent, and those characteristics will bedescribed individually below.

The power distribution efficiency increasing service providing method ofthe present invention is characterized by that for the individual powerdistribution systems connected to plural power distributed points (thatis, electric power customer in principle, and hereinafter referred to asthis), the information on the improved system pattern obtained bymodifying the system pattern for reducing the power loss is provided,and the power loss reduction effect with this improved pattern ismeasured and calculated. In this case, it is preferable that the servicecharge corresponding to the calculated effect is collected from thepower distribution company.

In addition, the power distribution efficiency increasing serviceproviding method of the present invention is characterized by that thepower distribution system is configured and operated appropriately(which means to reducing the loss much more, or to minimize, that is,optimize the loss, and hereinafter, the term of optimize or optimizationwill be used for simplifying the explanation, but the scope of thepresent invention is not limited by the term of optimize) and then thecontingent on success based on the measurement result of theoptimization effect is obtained. More specifically, (1) a method isprovided for configuring an optimum power distribution system forminimizing the power loss in the power distribution system, by modifyingthe, combination of the open-circuit state and the closed-circuit stateof the circuit breakers or switches in the power distribution system;(2) a method is provided for configuring an optimum power distributionsystem so as to suspend a plant and equipment investment by modifyingthe layout of equipment on the electric circuit including circuitbreakers, switches or other devices forming the power distributionsystem, or by removing the equipment; and (3) a method is provided forconfiguring an optimum power distribution system in which both the firstpattern for modifying the power distribution system optimized forreducing the electric power loss in the power distribution system,obtained by modifying a combination of the open-circuit state and theclosed-circuit state of circuit breakers or switches in the powerdistribution system; and the second pattern for modifying the powerdistribution system enabled to suspend a plant and equipment investmentby modifying a layout of equipment on the electric circuit includingcircuit breakers, switches or other devices forming the powerdistribution system, or by removing the equipment are considered with apredefined weight.

Paying attention to the electric power volume purchased from the powergeneration company or the power generation division of the electriccompany (hereinafter referred directly to as power generation company)by the power distribution company of the power distribution division ofthe electric power company (hereinafter referred directly to as powerdistribution company), it is preferable that the purchased electricpower volume before introducing the power distribution efficiencyincreasing service (hereinafter referred directly to aspre-introduction) and the purchased electric power volume afterintroducing the power distribution efficiency increasing service(hereinafter referred directly to as post-introduction) are measured ina constant period of time individually, and that the effect brought bythe power distribution efficiency increasing service is estimated basedon the difference between the pre-introduction electric power volume andthe post-introduction electric power volume. It is allowed that thepower generation company is identical to the power distribution company.

In addition, it is preferable that the service provider provides aconsultation service for increasing the power distribution efficiency.In this case, the consultation service provided to the powerdistribution company by the service provider includes timely informationservice for the comprehensive know-now for operating the powerdistribution system such as the supervisory and control of the powerdistribution system, the construction and engineering works for thepower distribution lines, the recovery from the accident in the powerdistribution system and the investment program for the powerdistribution equipment.

In addition, it is effective that the service provider implements theinitial investment and provides either or both of the installation ofthe system for measuring the effect brought by the power distributionefficiency increasing service and the production of the software forplanning the optimum power distribution system, and that, as for thecontingent on success, the profit from the power distribution efficiencyincreasing service may be shared by the power distribution company andthe service provider or obtained as the service charge. In the latercase, it is specifically effective that the service provider receivesthe operation record information from the power distribution company andestimates the usage rate of the optimum power distribution system basedon this information, and the service provider may determinealternatively to receive the divided profit brought by the powerdistribution efficiency increasing service or to receive the servicecharge considering the estimated usage rate of the optimum powerdistribution system.

The power distribution efficiency increasing method of the presentinvention is characterized by that the power distribution companyreceives the information from the service provider company regarding theimproved system pattern obtained by modifying the existing systempattern in order to reduce the power loss for the power distributionsystem connecting the plural electric power customers in the servicearea of the power distribution company, and that the power distributioncompany pays the charge corresponding to the estimated value obtained bymeasuring the power loss reduction effect brought by the improved systempattern to the service provider company. In this case, it is preferablethat the service charge is kept fixed for a constant period of timenegotiated in advance or defined to be a divided amount shared with theprofit of the power distribution company.

For the power distribution efficiency increasing system, it isespecially effective that (1) the measuring device for the electricpower purchased by the power distribution company is installed at thepower receiving equipment in the power distribution company importingthe electric power from the power generation company, or (2) thetransmitting device and the receiving device use Internet, the publictelephone network or the private communication network.

In the claims of the present invention, the term of optimizationincludes such a context as the effect of the power loss reduction couldbe obtained or expected, and thus, such a case that a little effect isobtained at all may be included in the context of optimization asdefined in the present invention.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

FIG. 1 is an illustration showing an example of the power distributionsystem.

FIG. 2 is an illustration showing an example of the power distributionsystem.

FIG. 3 is an illustration showing an example of the power distributionsystem.

FIG. 4 is an illustration showing a configuration of the powerdistribution efficiency increasing service in one embodiment of thepresent invention.

FIG. 5 is an illustration showing a configuration of the powerdistribution efficiency increasing service in one embodiment of thepresent invention.

FIG. 6 is a block diagram illustrating an information flow in the powerdistribution efficiency increasing service in one embodiment of thepresent invention.

FIG. 7 is a flowchart illustrating a procedural flow in the powerdistribution efficiency increasing service in one embodiment of thepresent invention.

FIG. 8 is a characteristic chart illustrating examples of time shiftingof the summation of the electric power retail sales contracted volume inthe load dispatched area of the base substation.

FIG. 9 is a characteristic chart illustrating an example of timeshifting of the summation of the electric power retail sales contractedvolume in the overall load dispatched area covered by the powerdistribution efficiency increasing service.

FIG. 10 is a characteristic chart illustrating an example of the timeshifting of the electric power volume purchased from the powergeneration company and its unit price of the purchased electric power.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

Now, referring to FIG. 1 to 3, the present invention is disclosed in thepreferred embodiment. At first, modification of the power distributionsystem pattern is described with the preferred embodiments.

According to this embodiment, the efficiency of the power distributionsystem is increased in the following method. By modifying the open andclose pattern of the circuit breakers or the switches in the powerdistribution system, an optimum pattern of the power distribution systemmaking the electric loss minimized can be obtained without altering thecondition for supplying the electric power to the electric powercustomers.

FIG. 1 shows an example of a part of the power distribution system towhich the efficiency increasing service of this embodiment is applied,in which what is shown is a part of the patterned power distributionsystem comprising power distribution substation transformer s1 (=BANK01,02 . . . ), section switches 2 (=TYS01, 02, 03, 04, 05, 06, 07 . . . ),cooperating switches 3 (=TL01 . . . ) and feeder circuit breakers 4(=FCB01, 02 . . . ).

The electric power purchased from the power generation company issupplied from the primary side of the power distribution substationtransformer 1 and its voltage is made reduced and then, the electricpower flows into the power distribution system through the feedercircuit breakers 4. The section switches 2 and the cooperating switches3 in the power distribution system have their own open-circuit state orclosed-circuit state individually, and define a specific pattern of thepower distribution system.

FIG. 2 shows a route for supplying the electric power to the load 5 in agiven power distribution system pattern. The electric power is suppliedto the load 5 through the route starting at BANK02 in the powerdistribution substation transformer 1 connected next to FCB02 as thefeeder circuit breaker 4, connected next to TYS04 as the section switch2, connected next to TYS05 as the section switch and finally throughTYS07 as the section switch.

FIG. 3 shows another example of the route for supplying the electricpower to the load 5 in a given power distribution system pattern definedby modifying the open and close state of the section switches 2different from the example shown in FIG. 2. More specifically, in thepower distribution system in FIG. 3 compared to what shown in FIG. 2, inwhich TYS05 as the section switch 2 is turned from the closed-circuitstate to the open-circuit state and TYS06 as the section switch isturned from the open-circuit state to the closed-circuit state,resultantly, the electric power is supplied to the load 5 through theroute starting at the BANK01 in the power distribution substationtransformer 1 connected next to FCB01 as the feeder circuit breaker 4,connected next to TYS01 as the section switch 2, connected next to TYS02as the section switch, connected next to TYS03 as the section switch,connected next to TL01 as the cooperating switch 3, connected next toTYS06 as the section switch 2 and finally through TYS07 as the sectionswitch.

Comparing the case of supplying the electric power through the routeshown in FIG. 2 with the case of supplying the electric power throughthe route shown I FIG. 3, it is proved that the electric loss in theindividual route differs from each other due to the difference in theimpedance of the power distribution cable and the distance between thepower source to the load. To obtain an optimum power distribution systemenabling to minimize the power distribution loss is equivalent to selecta single pattern for minimizing the power distribution loss amongseveral patterns, each having an individual combination of open andclosed states of the circuit breakers and the switches in the powerdistribution system in the area covered by a given service. As thecalculation for selecting an optimum pattern by using a computerconsumes an extended time period, it is general to apply such a methodas Genetic Algorithm (GA algorithm) in order to obtain an approximatesolution in a shorter time period.

For the supplementary note, the functions of the section switch 2 andthe cooperating switch 3 are described here. Both of the section switch2 and the cooperating switch 3 are switches operating on an electriccircuit and have an identical electric function. Their difference isonly determined by their positions placed in the electric circuit. Theiroperational roles change in connection with their positions.

As for the section switches 2, the electric power customers areconnected to the individual branches in the power distribution systemconfigured in a tree structure (in which only a single route isestablished between the power source to the individual electric powercustomer (load)), in which the section switch is located so as to forman individual small-sized group of customers. For example, in urbanareas, the distribution system is divided into a set of sections by thesection switches, each arranged for 3 to 10 customers. Though all thecustomers (loads) are not illustrated explicitly in such a figure asshown by FIG. 1 in general, plural customers are connected practicallyto the sections before and after the individual section switch. In thepower distribution system configured in a tree structure, once thesection switch is turned OFF, the electric power to be supplied to thecustomers located in the down stream of this section switch is brokendown. In a practical operation, when an accident occurs in the powerdistribution system, the cooperating switches are combined in order tominimize the area of power failure.

The cooperating switch 3 is a switch for coupling the sections of thepower distribution system configured in a tree structure, and isnormally turned OFF in Japan. When the cooperating switch is turned ON,there may occur such a case that several sections form a loop. Thismeans that plural power supply routes are formed from the power sourceto the customer. Owing to this configuration, the reliability in thepower supply can be increased. In a example of using the cooperatingswitch, the cooperating switch is normally turned OFF, and in case thatan accident in the power distribution system occurs, the disabledsection due to the accident is isolated by the section switches and thenthe cooperating switch is turned ON, which makes it possible to supplythe electric power from the another section in the branching powerdistribution system to the operable sections located in the down streamof the disabled section due to the accident.

It is difficult to establish several alternative routes from the powersource to the customer only by using the section switches. Asalternative power distribution patterns can be established by supplyingthe electric power from the other power sources through the cooperatingswitches, what can be obtained is such a pattern of switchesindividually turned OFF or OFF as minimizing the power distribution losscan be minimized.

In the method of one embodiment of the present invention, the electricpower volume purchased from the power generation company by the powerdistribution company before and after introducing the power distributionefficiency increasing service; the profit money obtained by introducingthe power distribution efficiency increasing service is calculated basedon the difference between the electric power volume before and after itsintroduction; the profit money is divided based on the contractconcluded between the power distribution company and the serviceprovider or the service charge is paid from the power distributioncompany to the service provider.

At first, before introducing the power distribution efficiencyincreasing service, the purchased electric power to be distributed tothe service area of the distribution company is measured in a given timeperiod. Next, the purchased electric power is measured in a given timeperiod after introducing this service. The effect of this service isdefined as the reduced volume of the purchased electric power for thepower distribution company by comparing the pre-service operation withthe post-service operation.

The given time period described above is defined to be long enough toinsensitive to the changes in the power demand due to days of week,seasons and/or unscheduled events. This given time period is defined tobe one year in the following description.

Though the effect obtained by the power distribution efficiencyincreasing service can be calculated based on the result of measuringthe electric power volume purchased by the power distribution company asdescribed above, the electric power demand (or the electric power volumepurchased by the power distribution company) changes irregularly andannually due to the climatic conditions and the increase and decrease inthe number of customers in general. This change should be considered incalculating the effect obtained by the power distribution efficiencyincreasing service.

By referring to FIG. 4, one embodiment of the present invention isdescribed. FIG. 4 is a work flow showing a basic configuration of thepower distribution efficiency increasing service.

The contract for the power distribution efficiency increasing service isconcluded between the power distribution company 1010 and the serviceprovider 1009. The power distribution company 1010 purchases (1013) theelectric power from the power generation company 1012 and pays (1014)the retail sales electricity bills to the power generation company 1012.In addition, the power distribution company 1010 sells (1007) retail ofthe electric power to the electric power customer 1011, and collects(1008) the electricity bills. If the power distribution company 1010increases the efficiency in the power distribution operation, theelectric power volume purchased from the power generation company can bereduced without making effect to the power supply to the electric powercustomer 1011. In other words, it can be interpreted qualitatively thatthe wholesale electricity bills to be paid to the power generationcompany 1012 can be reduced without sacrificing the collected amount ofelectricity bills from the electric power customers 1011, and that thecost reduction can be realized in the power distribution operation.

The service provider 1009 initially invests (1004) initial capital forthe plant and equipment to the power distribution company 1010 accordingto the contract concluded between the power distribution company 1010and the service provider 1009. The initial capital investment (1004) tothe plant and equipment covers the measuring system for measuring theeffect obtained by the power distribution efficiency increasing service,the construction of the equipment data base and the installation of thecomputer system for calculating an optimum power distribution systempattern, which will be described later.

In addition, the service provider 1009 provides (1001) the consultationfor increasing the power distribution efficiency, and the powerdistribution company 1010 implements the operation for increasing thepower distribution efficiency and feeds back (1003) its operationinformation to the service provider 1009. The measured values for theelectric power volume purchased from the power generation company 1012is collected (1002) by the service provider 1009. The service provider1009 calculates the profit money obtained by increasing the powerdistribution efficiency from the above information, and notifies (1005)it to the power distribution company 1010. The service provider 1009receives (1006) the divided money corresponding to this profit money orthe fixed service charge from the power distribution company 1010.

FIG. 5 is a system configuration diagram illustrating one mode of theembodiment of the present invention. The electric power generated at thepower generation facility 2001 of the power generation company 1012 issupplied to the power transforming facility 2005 of the powerdistribution company through the power distribution line 2002, and thensupplied from the power distribution system facility 2006 to theelectric power customer 1011 through the power distribution line 2003.

The power distribution system supervisory and control system 2007supervises and controls the power distribution system facility 2006 andthe power transforming facility 2005 in the power distribution company1010. The operation information of the power distribution systemfacility 2006 is stored in the power distribution system supervisory andcontrol system 2007. The electric power volume purchased from the powergeneration company 1012 by the power distribution company 1010 ismeasured by the purchased electric power measuring system 2004. Theoperation information of the power distribution system facility 2006 andthe measurement data of the purchased electric power measuring system2004 are transmitted periodically to the service provider through thecommunication unit 2010, and the public network or the private network2011.

The service provider 1009 has the communication unit 2009 and receivesthe data from the power distribution company 1010. In addition, theservice provider has the computer 2008, in which an optimum powerdistribution system pattern is calculated, the usage rate of theoptimized power distribution system and the profit money obtained by theoptimization is calculated.

FIG. 6 is a block diagram showing the information flow in one embodimentof the power distribution efficiency increasing service in the presentinvention

In the power distribution company 1010, the power distribution systemsupervisory and control system 2007 supervises and controls the powerdistribution system by using the facility information data base 3008,and the operation information is stored in the facility information database 3008. The data of the purchased electric power volume obtained bythe purchased electric power measuring system 2004 are transmitted tothe service provider 1009 through the communication units 2010 and 2009.

In the service provider 1009, the estimated value of the usage rate ofthe optimized power distribution system is calculated 3003 based on thedata received by the communication unit 2009 and the result of thecalculation 3002 for estimating the optimum power distribution systempattern. The calculation 3002 for estimating the optimum powerdistribution system pattern is based on the facility information storedin the facility information data base. The facility information includesthe impedance of the power distribution lines and the position ordistance information of the loads, the circuit breakers and the switchesin the individual power distribution systems. The information stored inthe facility information data base 3008 is supplied in an on-line oroff-line mode to the calculation 3002 for estimating the optimum powerdistribution system pattern at the service provider 1009. The dataobtained by the calculation 3002 for estimating the optimum powerdistribution system pattern are stored in an on-line or off-line modeinto the facility information data base 3008 and then used for operatingthe power distribution system.

The calculation 3001 for estimating the profit money obtained byoptimization is executed based on the data obtained by the calculation3003 for estimating the usage rate of the optimized power distributionsystem and the operation information of the power distribution systemand the purchased electric power volume received through thecommunication unit 2009.

FIG. 7 is a flow chart showing a procedural flow of the powerdistribution increasing service in the embodiment illustrating one modeof the present invention. At first, the service provider 1009 surveysand studies the purchased electric power volume of the powerdistribution company and its power distribution system configuration,and forecasts the profit to be obtained by introducing the service (Stepi). Next, the service provider 1009 provides the power distributioncompany 1010 with the consultation for introducing this service (Stepii). Next, the contract for this service is concluded (Step iii).

After concluding the contract, the system for measuring the effectobtained by increasing the power distribution efficiency is installed(Step iv). Next, the consultation for increasing the power distributionefficiency is provided to the power distribution company by the serviceprovider 1009.

Next, the power distribution company implements the operation forincreasing the power distribution efficiency (Step vi), and then theusage rate of the optimized power distribution system provided by theservice provider and the effect obtained by increasing the powerdistribution efficiency are measured (Step vii).

Thereafter, whether the optimized power distribution system was used ina contracted usage rate or more is judged (Step viii), and if the usagerate does not reach a designated value, the profit money obtained by theservice is divided appropriately as contracted between the powerdistribution company 101 and the service provider 1009, or the powerdistribution company 1010 pas the service charge to the service provider1009 (Step ix). If the usage rate reaches or exceeds a designated value,the profit money obtained by the service is divided approximately ascontracted between the power distribution company 101 and the serviceprovider 1009, or the power distribution company 1010 pas the servicecharge to the service provider 1009.

Though thee outline of the power distribution efficiency increasingservice and the power distribution efficiency increasing system isdescribed above, what will be described concretely below is a method forcorrecting the measured value of the electric power volume purchasedfrom the power generation company 1012 by the power distribution company1010 and estimating the effect of the service.

Assume that the number of the power distribution substations located inthe area covered by the service is n. Plural substations extractedrandomly from the power distribution substations located in this servicearea or located in the areas adjacent to this service area are calledbase stations. Assume that the number of the base stations is m. Theservice is not applied to m base stations. In this condition, theelectric power inflow into m base stations does not change before andafter introducing the service, and thus is not influenced by theintroduction of the service. In the following description, suppose atfirst such a case that the number of electric power customers does notchange in order to simplify the explanation.

Year₁ represents a single year before introducing the service and Year₂represents a single year after introducing the service. The ratio of theelectric power flowing into the base stations in the period of Year₁ tothe electric power flowing into the base stations in the period of Year₂is supposed to be equal in a certain error range to the ratio of theelectric power volume purchased by the power distribution company in theperiod of Year₁ covered by the introduced service to the electric powervolume purchased by the power distribution company in the period ofYear₂ without introducing the service.

The power distribution company 1010 and the service provider 1009 agreeas contracted that the error between the ratios defined above isnegligibly small enough, and that the effect of the service is estimatedbased on the ratio of the electric power flowing into the base stationsbefore and after introducing the service.

Suppose that PB_(year1) is the electric power volume purchased by thepower distribution company 1010 in a single year (Year₁) beforeintroducing the service, PB_(year2) is the electric power volumepurchased by the power distribution company 1010 in a single year(Year₂) after introducing the service, PB′_(year2) is the electric powervolume purchased by the power distribution company 1010 in a single year(Year₂) without introducing the service, PI_(before) is the electricpower flowing into the base stations in Year₁, PI_(after) is theelectric power flowing into the base stations in Year₂, the ratio ofPI_(after) to PI_(before) is equal to the ratio Rbase between thechanges in the electric power demand in Year₁ and Year₂ due to theclimatic condition independent of the introduction of the service.$\begin{matrix}{R_{base} = \frac{{PI}_{after}}{{PI}_{before}}} & (1)\end{matrix}$

Then, in case that the service is not introduced in the period of Year₂,the ratio R of the electric power purchased from the power generationcompany by the power distribution company in the period of Year₂ to theelectric power purchased in the period of can be expressed in thefollowing formula. $\begin{matrix}{R = {\frac{{PB}_{year2}^{\prime}}{{PB}_{year1}} = {R_{base} + {Err}}}} & (2)\end{matrix}$

Supposing that the ratio of the efficiency increased by the service isRservice (0≦service<1) and assuming that Err=0 in the formula 2, thefollowing equation is satisfied.PB _(after) =PB _(before) ×R _(base)×(1−R _(service))  (3)

Next, Let us consider the increase or decrease in the number of theelectric power customers, that is, the increase or decrease in thesummation of the contracted volume of the retail electric power.

At first, let us pay attention to R_(base). As shown in FIG. 8, definingthe change in the summation of the contracted volume of the retailelectric power in the power distribution area of the base station to bea function F_(c1)(t), the ratio R′_(base) between the changes in theelectric power demand in the periods of Year₁ and Year₂ due to theclimatic condition independent of the introduction of the service forconsidering the above described correction can be expressed in thefollowing formula. $\begin{matrix}{R_{base}^{\prime} = {\frac{\int_{t0}^{t1}{{F_{c1}(t)}\quad{\mathbb{d}t}}}{\int_{t1}^{t2}{{F_{c1}\quad(t)}{\mathbb{d}t}}} \times R_{base}}} & (4)\end{matrix}$

Similarly, as shown in FIG. 9, defining the change in the summation ofthe contracted volume of the retail electric power in the overall areaof the service to be a function F_(c2)(t), the formula 3 defined abovecan be expressed in the following formula. $\begin{matrix}{{PB}_{after} = {\frac{\int_{t0}^{t1}{{F_{c2}(t)}\quad{\mathbb{d}t}}}{\int_{t1}^{t2}{{F_{{c2}\quad}(t)}\quad{\mathbb{d}t}}} = {{PB}_{before} \times R_{base}^{\prime} \times {\left( {1 - R_{service}} \right).}}}} & (5)\end{matrix}$

Above expressions are based on such an assumption that the electricpower demand due to the increase or decrease in the number of theelectric power customers is proportional to the summation of thecontracted volume of the retail electric power. $\begin{matrix}{C_{2} = \frac{\int_{t0}^{t1}{{F_{c2}(t)}\quad{\mathbb{d}t}}}{\int_{t1}^{t2}{{F_{c2}(t)}\quad{\mathbb{d}t}}}} & (6)\end{matrix}$

The formula 6 gives the following formula. $\begin{matrix}{R_{service} = {{\frac{{PB}_{after}}{{PB}_{before}} \times \frac{C_{2}}{R_{base}^{\prime}}} - 1}} & (7)\end{matrix}$

The value obtained by multiplying the cost of the electric powerpurchased by the power distribution company in the period of Year₂ byR_(service) as defined above is the profit money Y_(profit) obtained byintroducing the service.

As shown in FIG. 10, suppose that the change in the unit price of theelectric power purchased from the power generation company 1012 by thepower distribution company 1010 is a function Fp(t), and that the changein the purchased electric power volume is expressed by function Fb(t),the profit money Yprofit obtained by introducing the service can beexpressed by the following formula. $\begin{matrix}{Y_{profit} = {\int_{t1}^{t2}{\left\lbrack {{F_{p}(t)} \times {F_{b}(t)}} \right\rbrack\quad{\mathbb{d}t} \times R_{service}}}} & (8)\end{matrix}$

The profit money as defined above is divided between the powerdistribution company 1010 and the power generation company 1009according to the contract concluded between them.

In the service, it is required to make it a necessary condition to applysuch an optimum power distribution network as described above withminimum power distribution loss to the practical power distributionoperation in the service period of Year₂. This is because the practicalpower distribution operation is based on the subjective decision by theoperators of the power distribution company 1010 with overall estimationof the economical efficiency, the reliability of the power distributionsystem, the reliability of the power supply and the easiness in theoperation, and furthermore because the reliability of the powerdistribution system and the reliability of the power supply have ahigher priority than the economical efficiency of the operation.

In case that the occurrence of applying the optimum distribution systemwith the minimum distribution loss in the period 1 is extremely low, theprofit money Yprofit obtained by the service may be extremely low or itmay be zero or negative in some occasions. For this reason, the lowerbound Pmin for the occurrence of applying the optimum distributionsystem to the practical power distribution operation is determined inadvance according to the contract concluded between the powerdistribution company 1010 and the power generation company 1009, and ifP_(applied)≧P_(min), the profit money Y_(profit) obtained by the serviceis divided between the power distribution company 1010 and the serviceprovider 1009 based on the contract concluded between them as describedabove. On the other hand, if P_(applied)<P_(min), the power distributioncompany 1010 pays the service charge for the service provided by theservice provider 1009 in the periods of Year₁ and Year₂ to the serviceprovider 1009 instead of dividing the profit money independent of theprofit money Y_(profit) being larger or small, or positive or negative.

The method of calculating P_(applied), the occurrence of applying theoptimum distribution system to the practical power distributionoperation, is described below.

In this embodiment, the method of calculating P_(applied) is based onthe difference between the power distribution loss W_(actual) in theactual power distribution system and the power distribution loss W_(min)in the optimum power distribution system. As for the power distributionloss, the power distribution loss w1 for the single-phase wire system isgenerally obtained by the formula 9, and the power distribution loss forthe three-phase three-wire system is generally obtained by the formula10. Suppose that the load power is P, the line-to-line voltage is V, theload power factor is cos θ, and the wiring impedance is R.$\begin{matrix}{{w1} = {{21^{2}R} = {{2\left( \frac{P}{V\quad\cos\quad 0} \right)^{2}R} = \frac{2P^{2}R}{V^{2}\cos^{2}0}}}} & (9) \\{{w3} = {{31^{2}R} = {{2\left( \frac{P}{\sqrt{3}V\quad\cos\quad 0} \right)^{2}R} = \frac{P^{2}R}{V^{2}\cos^{2}0}}}} & (10)\end{matrix}$

Once the open-circuit and closed-circuit states of all the circuitbreakers and the switches of the power distribution system in theservice area, the summation of the power transmission loss in the actualpower distribution system, W_(actual), and the summation of thetheoretical power distribution loss, W_(min), in case of applying theoptimum distribution system is applied fully to the load in the actualpower distribution system can be obtained.

The occurrence of applying the optimum power distribution system to theactual power distribution system, P_(applied), can be defined as inFormula 11, by using W_(actual) and W_(min). $\begin{matrix}{P_{applied} = {1 - \frac{W_{actual} - W_{\min}}{W_{\min}}}} & (11)\end{matrix}$

Next, the occurrence of applying the optimum power distribution systemto the actual power distribution system, P_(applied) _(year2) , for theoverall period of Year₂ is calculated.

Assuming that the power distribution loss in the actual powerdistribution system in a given day (day=i) is W_(actual)(i), and thetheoretical power distribution loss in case of operating the load withthe optimum power distribution system, P_(applied) _(year2) is obtainedby Formula 12. $\begin{matrix}{P_{applied\_ year2} = {1 - \frac{{\sum\limits_{{day} = 1}^{366}\quad{W_{actual}({day})}} - {\sum\limits_{{day} = 1}^{365}\quad{W_{\min}({day})}}}{\sum\limits_{{day} = 1}^{365}\quad{W_{\min}({day})}}}} & (12)\end{matrix}$

As described above, according to the present invention, the powerdistribution efficiency increasing service and the power distributionefficiency increasing system which can increase the efficiency of thepower distribution operation without plant and equipment investment, andcontribute to strengthening the baseline of the management operation ofthe power distribution company can be provided.

1. A power distribution efficiency increasing service providing methodcomprising a step for proving an information on an improved systempattern obtained by modifying a system pattern for reducing a powerloss, for an individual power distribution systems connected to pluralpower distributed points; and a step for measuring and calculating apower loss reduction effect with said improved pattern.
 2. A powerdistribution efficiency increasing service providing method of claim 1,wherein a service providing charge corresponding to said calculatedeffect is collected from a power distribution company.
 3. A powerdistribution efficiency increasing method comprising a step forreceiving an information from a service provider company regarding animproved system pattern obtained by modifying an existing system patternin order to reduce a power loss for a power distribution systemconnecting plural electric power customers in a self-owned service area;and a step for paying a charge corresponding to an estimated valueobtained by measuring a power loss reduction effect brought by saidimproved system pattern to a service provider company.
 4. A powerdistribution efficiency increasing service providing method of claim 1,wherein said power distributed point is an electric power customer.
 5. Apower distribution efficiency increasing method of claim 3, wherein saidpower distributed point is an electric power customer.
 6. (Cancelled) 7.A power distribution efficiency increasing service providing methodcomprising a step for directing to modify a power distribution system; astep for obtaining a contingent on success based on a result ofmeasuring an effect of said modification.
 8. A power distributionefficiency increasing service providing method of claim 7, wherein aconfiguration method for a power distribution system is obtained so asto reduce a power loss of said power distribution system by modifying acombination of a open-circuit state and a closed-circuit state ofcircuit breakers or switches in said power distribution system. 9.(Cancelled)
 10. (Cancelled)
 11. (Cancelled)
 12. A power distributionefficiency increasing service providing method of claim 7, wherein aservice provider provide a consultation for increasing a powerdistribution efficiency. 13 to
 19. (Cancelled).